A history of Gorakhpur and its place

History of Gorakhpur 

Gorakhpur was a part of the famous kingdom of Koshal, one of sixteen mahajanpadas in 6th Century B.CThe earliest known monarch ruling over this region with his capital at Ayodhya was IKSVAKU, who founded the solar dynasty of Kshatriya.


The ancient Gorakhpur, in addition to modern, comprised the districts of Basti, Deoria, Azamgarh and parts of Nepal tarai. These region, which may be called as Gorakhpur Janpad, had been an important centre of Aryan culture and civilization.

Gorakhpur was a part of the famous kingdom of Koshal, one of sixteen mahajanpadas in 6th Century B.C. The earliest known monarch ruling over this region with his capital at Ayodhya was IKSVAKU, who founded the solar dynasty of Kshatriya. It produced a number of illustratious kings till the accession of Ram, who was the greatest ruler of this dynasty. Since then, it remained an integral part of the erstwhile empires of Maurya, Shunga, Kushana , Gupta and Harsha dynasties. According to tradition, the Tharu king, Mausen of Madan Singh (900-950 A.D.) ruled over Gorakhpur city and the adjoining area.

In medieval period, when the entire northern India lay prostrate before the Muslim ruler, Mohammad Ghori, the Gorakhpur region was not left out. For a longer period it remained under the sway of the muslim rulers, from Qutub-Ud-Din Aibak to Bahadur Shah.Tradition has it that Ala-ud-din Khilji (1296-1316) ordered the conversion of old shrine of Goraksha ( a popular deity ) of Gorakhpur into a mosque. However, on Akbar’s reorganisation of the empire, Gorakhpur gave its name to one of the five Sirkars comprising the province of Avadh.

Modern period was marked by the transfer of this region by the Nawab of Avadh to the East India Company in 1801. With this cession, Gorakhpur was raised to the status of a ‘DISTRICT. The first collector was Mr. Routledge. In 1829, Gorakhpur was made the headquarters of a Division of the same name, comprising the districts of Gorakhpur, Ghazipur and Azamgarh. Mr. R.M. Biad was first appointed Commissioner.

In 1865, new district Basti was carved out from Gorakhpur. The latter was further split up in 1946 to form new district Deoria. The third division of Gorakhpur led to the creation of district Mahrajganj in 1989.

Cultural & Historical Importance

Gorakhpur has its own cultural and historical importance.

  •  It belongs to the Great Lord Buddha, founderof Buddhism, who renounced his princely costumes at the confluence of rivers Rapti & Rohini and proceeded further in the quest of truth in 600 BC.
  •  It is also associated with Lord Mahavir, 24th tirthankar, founder of Jainism.
  • The next event of importance was the association of Gorakhpur with Gorakhnath. The date and place of his birth have not yet been finally settled, but it was probably in the twelfth century that he flourished. His samadhi at Gorakhpur attracts a large number of pilgrims every year.
  • The most significant event in the medieval period, however, was the coming of mystic poet and famous saint Kabir to Maghar. Born in Varanasi, his workplace was Maghar where most of his beautiful poems were composed. It was here that he gave the message to his countrymen to live in peace and religious harmony. The co-existence of ‘Samadhi’ and ‘Makbara’ at his burial place in Maghar attracts a large number of followers.
  • Gorakhpur is also identified with the Gita Press, the world famous publisher of the Hindu religious books. The most famous publication is ‘KALYAN’ magazine. All 18 parts of Shree Bhagwat Gita is written on its marble-walls. Other wall hangings and paintings reveal the events of life of Lord Ram and Krishna. The Gita Press is fore-front in dissemination of religious and spiritual consciousness across the country.
  •  Gorakhpur rose to great eminence due to the historic ‘CHAURI CHAURA’ incident of 4th Feb., 1922, which was a turning -point in the history of India’s freedom struggle. Enraged at the inhuman barbaric atrocities of the police, the volunteers burnt down the Chauri-Chaura Police Station, killing nineteen policemen at the premises. With this violence, Mahatma Gandhi withdrew the Non-Cooperation Movement launched in 1920.
  •  Another important event took place at Doharia (In Sahjanwa Tehsil ) on 23rd August,1942. In response to the famous Quit India Movement of 1942, a meeting was held to register its protest against the British Government at Doharia but the latter responded with unprovoked firing, killing nine and injuring hundreds. A Shaheed Smarak , in their memory, stands there which still today keeps their memory alive.
  •  The trial of Pt. Jawahar Lal Nehru took place in this district in 1940. Here he was sentenced to rigorous imprisonment of 4 years.
  • Gorakhpur is also the Head Quarter of Air Force and known for Cobra Squadran.

In 1865, new district Basti was carved out from Gorakhpur. The latter was further split up in 1946 to form new district Deoria. The third division of Gorakhpur led to the creation of district Mahrajganj in 1989.


Historical Places



History place
Archaeological museum  

At this museum, you can view many historical artifacts like sculptures, pictures, stamps, coins and casts of coins. This museum even plays host to far more than a few pottery, stone tools and beads that offer you an unusual glimpse of the yesteryears.

Description of Archaeological Museum, Gorakhpur

Gorakhpur Archaeological Museum allows free entry to the site visitors. At this museum, you can view a number of historical artifacts like sculptures, pictures, stamps, coins and casts of coins. This museum even plays host to more than a number of pottery, stone resources and beads that offer a rare glimpse of the yesteryears.

So, book yourself for an excursion to Archaeological Museum, Gorakhpur at your earliest and make the most of this chance of a lifetime. You would undoubtedly get pleasure from this journey back in time as these uncommon exhibits would transfer you to the erstwhile era, for a short period although!

Gorakhnath Temple 

This temple is created for Baba Goraksh Nath who is believed to be an avatar of Lord Shiva. Gorakhpur city is also named right after very same.

It’s a massive, clean temple. It’s crowded only on festivals of Khichadi & Chatth. The temple has idols of Lord Shiva, Ganesh, Hanuman between other individuals. Also there is a large idol of Bheem (Pandav), it’s rare to see a Bheem idol. Also there is a lake within the temple campus. Boating is carried out here. You could also sit by the lake & see ducks & fishes. Outdoors the temple is neighborhood bazar. This temple also hosts religious & marriage function.

Nothing is chargable here, you can donate what ever you want


Rail Museum 

A museum is a perfect place to quench your evergreen curiosity of digging back into history through various artefacts. Railway Museum is a must-see tourist attraction in Gorakhpur for people of all ages, especially kids. Located near Golf Course, Railway Museum, through its exhibits, tells the history of North Indian Railway. For that, several old coal-running trains and demo trains are put up on display at this popular museum in Gorakhpur. Besides, heavy machines and engines are also there to tell the history of the world’s largest rail network. Amongst all exhibits, Lord Lawrence’s Stream Engine is the major highlight of this renowned tourist attraction in Gorakhpur. This engine was built in London in 1874 and was imported to India through the sea. It is also the first engine that was used by the North Indian Railway. Apart from this, there is also a has a gallery which exhibits uniform wore by railway men at different times, clocks, furniture, library, photo gallery and much more. Adding an altogether a different charm in the uniqueness of this major tourist site in Gorakhpur is Toy Train. This is an important attraction of the museum which is specially set up for children. They can hop to these toy trains and can enjoy a fun ride. Another highlight of this place is the food plaza which is magnificently housed in a railway.










Location: Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India

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